PERFORM Publications

Mental health of Canadian youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining changes in depression, anxiety, and suicide-related outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author(s): Geoffroy MC; Chadi N; Bouchard S; Fuoco J; Chartrand E; Loose T; Sciola A; Boruff JT; Iyer SN; Sun Y; Gouin JP; Côté SM; Thombs BD;

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to describe Canadian youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms and suicidality. Methods: We searched four databases up to February 2023 for longitudinal or repeated cross-sect ...

Article GUID: 38478216

Correction: The role of frailty in the relationships between social relationships and health outcomes: a longitudinal study

Author(s): Fereshteh Mehrabi

No abstract available

Article GUID: 38475729

Cultural pathways to psychosis care: Patient and caregiver narratives from Puebla, Mexico

Author(s): Sylvanna M Vargas

The current study used the McGill Illness Narrative Interview (MINI) to explore patients' (n = 6) and caregivers' (n = 3) narratives about how they identified and sought care for psychosis. Participants were recruited from an outpatient clinic at the Hospital Psiquiátrico Dr. Rafael Serrano, a public psychiatric hospital in Puebla, Mexico. All par ...

Article GUID: 38470500

A network approach to subjective cognitive decline: Exploring multivariate relationships in neuropsychological test performance across Alzheimer's disease risk states

Author(s): Grunden N; Phillips NA; ;

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is characterized by subjective concerns of cognitive change despite test performance within normal range. Although those with SCD are at higher risk for developing further cognitive decline, we still lack methods using objective cognitive measures that reliably distinguish SCD from cognitively normal aging at the group l ...

Article GUID: 38458017

The effects of intranasal oxytocin on the efficacy of psychotherapy for major depressive disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Author(s): Ellenbogen MA; Cardoso C; Serravalle L; Vadaga K; Joober R;

Background: Although both pharmacotherapy and psychological treatments are considered to be efficacious in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), one third of patients do not respond to treatment and many experience residual symptoms post-treatment. In this double-blind placebo-controlled randomized control trial (RCT), we assessed whether intr ...

Article GUID: 38445382

Post-reinforcement pauses during slot machine gambling are moderated by immersion

Author(s): W Spencer Murch

The post-reinforcement pause (PRP) is an operant effect in which response latencies increase on trials following the receipt and consumption of reward. Human studies demonstrate analogous effects in electronic gambling machines that utilise random ratio reinforcement schedules. We sought to identify moderators of the human PRP effect, hypothesising that t ...

Article GUID: 38429228

Negative Affect and Drinking among Indigenous Youth: Disaggregating Within- and Between-Person Effects

Author(s): Ashley Reynolds

Negative affect (depression/anxiety) and alcohol use among Indigenous youth in Canada remain a concern for many communities. Disparate rates of these struggles are understood to be a potential outcome of colonization and subsequent intergenerational trauma experienced by individuals, families, and communities. Using a longitudinal design, we examined chan ...

Article GUID: 38407776

The role of frailty in the relationships between social relationships and health outcomes: a longitudinal study

Author(s): Fereshteh Mehrabi

CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that changes in social support have a protective and compensatory role in decreasing depressive symptoms and enhancing cognitive health among older adults with increasing frailty. Public health policy and strategies should consider the impact of social support on multiple health outcomes among older adults with increasing ...

Article GUID: 38402184

The burnout-depression conundrum: investigating construct-relevant multidimensionality across four countries and four patient samples

Author(s): Leon T De Beer

This research seeks to contribute to the ongoing discussion about the distinctive nature of burnout and depression. In a first study, we relied on employee samples from four European countries (N = 5199; 51.27% women; M(age) = 43.14). In a second study, we relied on a large sample of patients (N = 5791; 53.70% women; M(age) = 39.54) who received a diagnos ...

Article GUID: 38400520

Iron Deposition and Distribution Across the Hippocampus Is Associated with Pattern Separation and Pattern Completion in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

Author(s): Zhou J; Wearn A; Huck J; Hughes C; Baracchini G; Tremblay-Mercier J; Poirier J; Villeneuve S; Tardif CL; Chakravarty MM; Daugherty AM; Gauthier CJ; Turner GR; Spreng RN;

Elevated iron deposition in the brain has been observed in older adult humans and persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and has been associated with lower cognitive performance. We investigated the impact of iron deposition, and its topographical distribution across hippocampal subfields and ...

Article GUID: 38388425

Fear of depression recurrence among individuals with remitted depression: a qualitative interview study

Author(s): Stephanie T Gumuchian

CONCLUSIONS: The concept of FoDR may present a window into understanding the unique cognitive and behavioural changes that occur following MDD remission and underlie depression recurrence. Future research should aim to identify underlying individual differences and characteristics of the disorder that may influence the presence and impact of FoDR. Finally ...

Article GUID: 38383311

Correction: Factors associated with change in moderate or severe symptoms of anxiety and depression in community-living adults and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author(s): Helen-Maria Vasiliadis