1 Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
2 Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
3 Centre de Recherche CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
4 School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
5 Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Objective: Robust evidence exists for the health-enhancing benefits of social support in adults. Inflammatory processes are thought to be an important mechanism linking social support and health risk. Less is known about the relation between social support and chronic inflammation during childhood and adolescence, or when the association emerges during the lifespan.

Method: Data from the population-representative 1999 Quebec Child and Adolescent Health and Social (QCAHS) survey were analyzed. Youth aged 9, 13, and 16 years (N = 3613) and their parents answered questions about social support. A subsample (n = 2186) completed a fasting blood draw that was assayed for C-reactive protein (CRP).

Findings: Higher social support was significantly associated with lower hs-CRPlog, after controlling for age, sex, body mass index (BMI Z-score), medication use, puberty, ethnoracial status (French-Canadian), smoking, household income, and parental education (F = 25.88, p = < .001, Total R2adj = 10.2%). The association was largely similar for boys and girls, and strengthened with age.

Conclusion: Greater social support was linked to lower chronic low-grade inflammation in a large sample of children and adolescents. Effect sizes were small and consistent with prior findings in the adult literature. Importantly, these findings provide evidence that the relation between social support and inflammation emerges early in the lifespan. Future work should consider broader, more encompassing conceptualizations of social support, the role of social media, and prospective trajectories of social support and inflammatory markers.