1 Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada.
2 Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada. Electronic address: chunjiang.an@concordia.ca.
3 Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada.
4 Owens Coastal Consultants, Bainbridge Island, WA, 98110, United States.
5 Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ecosystem Science, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0E6, Canada.
6 Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.

Exploring the use of cellulose nanocrystal as surface-washing agent for oiled shoreline cleanup.

J Hazard Mater. 2020 Jul 15;402:123464

Authors: Chen Z, An C, Yin J, Owens E, Lee K, Zhang K, Tian X

Abstract

Surface-washing agents are an option to enhance the removal of oil spilled or stranded on shorelines. The use of nanocellulose-based nanofluid as a surface-washing agent was studied by investigating its reactivity and effectiveness. Salinity was found to be the most influencial factor to facilitate oil removal with the nanofluids. Cations from salt can promote the adsorption of nanocellulose on the oil/water interface by reducing the surface charges. The experimental results revealed the nanocellulose could be effective at low concentrations but an excess of nanocellulose hindered oil removal due to an increase in fluid viscosity. A miscibility model was applied to verify this finding in a thermodynamics context. The biotoxicity tests showed that nanocellulose-based nanofluid did not have negative effects on algae growth and introducing nanocellulose into an oiled culture medium can actually mitigate the toxicity of the oil on algae. A comparison in removal efficiency with other surfactants demonstrated the potential value for shoreline cleanup due to the superior effectiveness of nanocellulose-based nanofluids. Overall, a nanocellulose has a high potential for application as a surface-washing agent for shoreline cleanup due to the low cost, low toxicity, and high efficiency.

PMID: 32693337 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]