1 Department of Physics and PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada. zhengchen.cai@mail.concordia.ca.
2 Multimodal Functional Imaging Lab, Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
3 Department of Physics and PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
4 Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
5 Centre de médecine préventive et d'activité physique, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada.
6 MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
7 École de technologie supérieure de l'Université du Québec, Montréal, Canada.
8 Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measures the hemoglobin concentration changes associated with neuronal activity. Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) consists of reconstructing the optical density changes measured from scalp channels to the oxy-/deoxy-hemoglobin concentration changes within the cortical regions. In the present study, we adapted a nonlinear source localization method developed and validated in the context of Electro- and Magneto-Encephalography (EEG/MEG): the Maximum...