Author(s): Stewart BM; Joyce MM; Creeggan J; Eccles S; Gerwing MG; Turner SE;

Congenital malformations, conditions, injuries, and illness can lead to long-term physical impairment and disability in nonhuman primates. How individual primates change their behaviors flexibly to compensate for their disabilities can inform our understanding of their resilience and ability to adjust to environmental change. Here, we synthesize the liter ...

Article GUID: 38050800

Author(s): Esber GR; Usypchuk A; Saini S; Deroche M; Iordanova MD; Schoenbaum G;

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is often proposed to function as a value integrator; however, alternative accounts focus on its role in representing associative structures that specify the probability and sensory identity of future outcomes. These two accounts make different predictions about how this area should respond to conditioned inhibitors of reward ...

Article GUID: 38042330

Author(s): Wrosch C; Heckhausen J;

This article addresses the motivational processes that enable older adults to manage health-related threats and to protect their psychological and physical functioning. Based on the Motivational Theory of Life-Span Development (MTD) [1], we describe how an age- and opportunity-adjusted use of control strategies can support the regulation of important deve ...

Article GUID: 38039949

Author(s): Guthrie DM; Williams N; O' Rourke HM; Orange JB; Phillips N; Pichora-Fuller MK; Savundranayagam MY; Sutradhar R;

Background: To develop and validate a prediction tool, or nomogram, for the risk of a decline in cognitive performance based on the interRAI Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS). Methods: Retrospective, population-based, cohort study using Canadian Resident Assessment Instrument for Home Care (RAI- ...

Article GUID: 38041046

Author(s): Carter F; Cossette MP; Trujillo-Pisanty I; Pallikaras V; Breton YA; Conover K; Caplan J; Solis P; Voisard J; Yaksich A; Shizgal P;

Phasic dopamine activity is believed to both encode reward-prediction errors (RPEs) and to cause the adaptations that these errors engender. If so, a rat working for optogenetic stimulation of dopamine neurons will repeatedly update its policy and/or action values, thus iteratively increasing its ...

Article GUID: 38039083

Author(s): Vazifeh Z; Mafakheri F; An C; Bensebaa F;

Wood pellets have gained global attention due to their economic availability and increasing demand for bioenergy as part of sustainable energy solutions. Management of the wood pellet supply chains, from feedstock harvesting to bioenergy conversion, is critical to ensure competitiveness in the energy markets. In this regard, wood pellets supply chain coor ...

Article GUID: 38037615

Author(s): Albury AW; Bianco R; Gold BP; Penhune VB;

Predictability plays an important role in the experience of musical pleasure. By leveraging expectations, music induces pleasure through tension and surprise. However, musical predictions draw on both prior knowledge and immediate context. Similarly, musical pleasure, which has been shown to depend on predictability, may also vary relative to the individu ...

Article GUID: 38034280

Author(s): Doucerain MM; Amiot CE; Jurcik T; Ryder AG;

A focal point in the acculturation literature is the so-called "integration hypothesis," whereby integration (high mainstream cultural engagement and heritage cultural maintenance) is associated with higher psychosocial adjustment, compared to other strategies. Yet, the vast majority of this literature is cross-sectional, raising questions about how best ...

Article GUID: 38031873

Author(s): Napoleon JS; Weva VK; Evans DW; Namdari R; Francois T; Sherman J; Morisseau N; Lafontant E; Atkinson K; Miller S; Kidd SA; Burack JA;

Using the cognitive appraisal theory of coping and the self-determination theory of motivation, we examined the shared variance of motivational orientations, attachment relationships, and gender on adaptive and maladaptive coping among youth experiencing homelessness. Several scales including The ...

Article GUID: 38031717

Author(s): Gholami Farashah MS; Javadi M; Soleimani Rad J; Shakouri SK; Asnaashari S; Dastmalchi S; Nikzad S; Roshangar L;

Purpose: Exosomes are natural nanoparticles that participate in intercellular communication through molecular transport. Recently, due to their membrane vesicular structure and surface proteins, exosomes have been used extensively in the research field of drug delivery. Osteoporosis is an inflamm ...

Article GUID: 38022800

Author(s): Jibb LA; Sivaratnam S; Hashemi E; Chu CH; Nathan PC; Chartrand J; Alberts NM; Masama T; Pease HG; Torres LB; Cortes HG; Zworth M; Kuczynski S; Fortier MA;

Pain is one of the most prevalent and burdensome pediatric cancer symptoms for young children and their families. A significant proportion of pain episodes are experienced in environments where management options are limited, including at home. Digital innovations such as apps may have positive i ...

Article GUID: 38019890

Author(s): Kheirmandparizi M; Gouin JP; Bouchaud CC; Kebbe M; Bergeron C; Madani Civi R; Rhodes RE; Farnesi BC; Bouguila N; Conklin AI; Lear SA; Cohen TR;

Dietary self-monitoring is a behaviour change technique used to help elicit and sustain dietary changes over time. Current dietary self-monitoring tools focus primarily on itemizing foods and counting calories, which can be complex, time-intensive, and dependent on health literacy. Further, there ...

Article GUID: 38015899