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Birth weight is associated with adolescent brain development: A multimodal imaging study in monozygotic twins.

Author(s): Hayward DA, Pomares F, Casey KF, Ismaylova E, Levesque M, Greenlaw K, Vitaro F, Brendgen M, Rénard F, Dionne G, Boivin M, Tremblay RE, Booij...

Previous research has shown that the prenatal environment, commonly indexed by birth weight (BW), is a predictor of morphological brain development. We previously showed in monozygotic (MZ) twins a...

Article GUID: 32881198
Cocaine cue-induced dopamine release in the human prefrontal cortex.

Author(s): Milella MS, Fotros A, Gravel P, Casey KF, Larcher K, Verhaeghe JA, Cox SM, Reader AJ, Dagher A, Benkelfat C, Leyton M

J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2016 08;41(5):322-30 Authors: Milella MS, Fotros A, Gravel P, Casey KF, Larcher K, Verhaeghe JA, Cox SM, Reader AJ, Dagher A, Benkelfat C, Leyton M

Article GUID: 26900792
Birth weight discordance, DNA methylation, and cortical morphology of adolescent monozygotic twins.

Author(s): Casey KF, Levesque ML, Szyf M, Ismaylova E, Verner MP, Suderman M, Vitaro F, Brendgen M, Dionne G, Boivin M, Tremblay RE, Booij L

Hum Brain Mapp. 2017 04;38(4):2037-2050 Authors: Casey KF, Levesque ML, Szyf M, Ismaylova E, Verner MP, Suderman M, Vitaro F, Brendgen M, Dionne G, Boivin M, Tremblay RE, Booij L

Article GUID: 28032437
Dopamine cross-sensitization between psychostimulant drugs and stress in healthy male volunteers.

Author(s): Booij L, Welfeld K, Leyton M, Dagher A, Boileau I, Sibon I, Baker GB, Diksic M, Soucy JP, Pruessner JC, Cawley-Fiset E, Casey KF, Benkelfat C

Transl Psychiatry. 2016 Feb 23;6:e740 Authors: Booij L, Welfeld K, Leyton M, Dagher A, Boileau I, Sibon I, Baker GB, Diksic M, Soucy JP, Pruessner JC, Cawley-Fiset E, Casey KF, Benkelfat C

Article GUID: 26905412
Title:Cocaine cue-induced dopamine release in the human prefrontal cortex.
Authors:Milella MS,  Fotros A,  Gravel P,  Casey KF,  Larcher K,  Verhaeghe JA,  Cox SM,  Reader AJ,  Dagher A,  Benkelfat C,  Leyton M
Link:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26900792?dopt=Abstract
DOI:10.1503/jpn.150207
Category:J Psychiatry Neurosci
PMID:26900792
Dept Affiliation: CSBN
1 From the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que. Canada (Milella, Cox, Benkelfat, Leyton); the Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif., USA (Fotros); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Gravel, Reader); Ste-Justine Hospital Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Que., Canada (Casey); the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Larcher, Dagher, Benkelfat, Leyton); the Molecular Imaging Center, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium (Verhaeghe); the Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK (Reader); and the Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Que., Canada (Leyton).

Description:

Cocaine cue-induced dopamine release in the human prefrontal cortex.

J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2016 08;41(5):322-30

Authors: Milella MS, Fotros A, Gravel P, Casey KF, Larcher K, Verhaeghe JA, Cox SM, Reader AJ, Dagher A, Benkelfat C, Leyton M

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence indicates that drug-related cues can induce dopamine (DA) release in the striatum of substance abusers. Whether these same cues provoke DA release in the human prefrontal cortex remains unknown.

METHODS: We used high-resolution positron emission tomography with [18F]fallypride to measure cortical and striatal DA D2/3 receptor availability in the presence versus absence of drug-related cues in volunteers with current cocaine dependence.

RESULTS: Twelve individuals participated in our study. Among participants reporting a craving response (9 of 12), exposure to the cocaine cues significantly decreased [18F]fallypride binding potential (BPND) values in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and striatum. In all 12 participants, individual differences in the magnitude of craving correlated with BPND changes in the medial orbitofrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, and striatum. Consistent with the presence of autoreceptors on mesostriatal but not mesocortical DA cell bodies, midbrain BPND values were significantly correlated with changes in BPND within the striatum but not the cortex. The lower the midbrain D2 receptor levels, the greater the striatal change in BPND and self-reported craving.

LIMITATIONS: Limitations of this study include its modest sample size, with only 2 female participants. Newer tracers might have greater sensitivity to cortical DA release.

CONCLUSION: In people with cocaine use disorders, the presentation of drug-related cues induces DA release within cortical and striatal regions. Both effects are associated with craving, but only the latter is regulated by midbrain autoreceptors. Together, the results suggest that cortical and subcortical DA responses might both influence drug-focused incentive motivational states, but with separate regulatory mechanisms.

PMID: 26900792 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]