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Parental socialization, vagal regulation, and preschoolers' anxious difficulties: direct mothers and moderated fathers.

Author(s): Hastings PD, Sullivan C, McShane KE, Coplan RJ, Utendale WT, Vyncke JD

Child Dev. 2008 Jan-Feb;79(1):45-64 Authors: Hastings PD, Sullivan C, McShane KE, Coplan RJ, Utendale WT, Vyncke JD

Article GUID: 18269508
Neurocognitive development and externalizing problems: the role of inhibitory control deficits from 4 to 6 years.

Author(s): Utendale WT, Hubert M, Saint-Pierre AB, Hastings PD

Aggress Behav. 2011 Sep-Oct;37(5):476-88 Authors: Utendale WT, Hubert M, Saint-Pierre AB, Hastings PD

Article GUID: 21721014
The eyes know it: Toddlers' visual scanning of sad faces is predicted by their theory of mind skills.

Author(s): Poulin-Dubois D, Hastings PD, Chiarella SS, Geangu E, Hauf P, Ruel A, Johnson A

PLoS One. 2018;13(12):e0208524 Authors: Poulin-Dubois D, Hastings PD, Chiarella SS, Geangu E, Hauf P, Ruel A, Johnson A

Article GUID: 30521593
Title:The eyes know it: Toddlers' visual scanning of sad faces is predicted by their theory of mind skills.
Authors:Poulin-Dubois D,  Hastings PD,  Chiarella SS,  Geangu E,  Hauf P,  Ruel A,  Johnson A
Link:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30521593?dopt=Abstract
Category:PLoS One
PMID:30521593
Dept Affiliation: PSYCHOLOGY
1 Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
2 Department of Psychology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.
3 Department of Psychology, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
4 Department of Psychology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Description:

The eyes know it: Toddlers' visual scanning of sad faces is predicted by their theory of mind skills.

PLoS One. 2018;13(12):e0208524

Authors: Poulin-Dubois D, Hastings PD, Chiarella SS, Geangu E, Hauf P, Ruel A, Johnson A

Abstract

The current research explored toddlers' gaze fixation during a scene showing a person expressing sadness after a ball is stolen from her. The relation between the duration of gaze fixation on different parts of the person's sad face (e.g., eyes, mouth) and theory of mind skills was examined. Eye tracking data indicated that before the actor experienced the negative event, toddlers divided their fixation equally between the actor's happy face and other distracting objects, but looked longer at the face after the ball was stolen and she expressed sadness. The strongest predictor of increased focus on the sad face versus other elements of the scene was toddlers' ability to predict others' emotional reactions when outcomes fulfilled (happiness) or failed to fulfill (sadness) desires, whereas toddlers' visual perspective-taking skills predicted their more specific focusing on the actor's eyes and, for boys only, mouth. Furthermore, gender differences emerged in toddlers' fixation on parts of the scene. Taken together, these findings suggest that top-down processes are involved in the scanning of emotional facial expressions in toddlers.

PMID: 30521593 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]