1 Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough , 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada.
2 Department of Geography and Planning, Queen's University , 68 University Ave., Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
3 GEOTOP and the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University , 7141 Sherbrooke West, Montréal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.

Differences in Riverine and Pond Water Dissolved Organic Matter Composition and Sources in Canadian High Arctic Watersheds Affected by Active Layer Detachments.

Environ Sci Technol. 2018 Feb 06;52(3):1062-1071

Authors: Wang JJ, Lafrenière MJ, Lamoureux SF, Simpson AJ, Gélinas Y, Simpson MJ

Abstract

Regional warming has caused permafrost thermokarst and disturbances, such as active layer detachments (ALDs), which may alter carbon feedback in Arctic ecosystems. However, it is currently unclear how these disturbances alter DOM biogeochemistry in rivers and ponds in Arctic ecosystems. Water samples from the main river channel, ALD-disturbed/undisturbed tributaries, and disturbed/undisturbed ponds within a catchment in the Canadian High Arctic were collected and analyzed using carbon isotopes and spectroscopic methods. Both river and pond samples had large variations in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. Ponds, particularly ALD-disturbed ponds, had much older 14C DOC ages than rivers. Results from d13C and absorption and fluorescence analyses indicate higher autochthonous contributions in ponds than rivers and increasing autochthonous contributions from upper to lower reaches of the main channel. The disturbed samples had less carbohydrates but more carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules in 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra than undisturbed samples. These ALD-impacted samples also contained less terrestrial-humic-like but more oxidized-quinone-like components in the fluorescence spectra. Interestingly, the disturbed pond DOM displayed the greatest DOM oxidation with ALDs compared to undisturbed areas. Compared to Arctic rivers, small Arctic ponds have DOM predominantly from permafrost and microbial sources and may have a disproportionally stronger positive feedback on climate warming.

PMID: 29301070 [PubMed - in process]