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Current global efforts are insufficient to limit warming to 1.5°C

Author(s): Matthews HD; Wynes S;

Human activities have caused global temperatures to increase by 1.25°C, and the current emissions trajectory suggests that we will exceed 1.5°C in less than 10 years. Though the growth rate of global carbon dioxide emissions has slowed and many countries ha...

Article GUID: 35737785
A carbon footprint study of the Canadian medical residency interview tour

Author(s): Liang KE; Dawson JQ; Stoian MD; Clark DG; Wynes S; Donner SD;

Background: Each spring, thousands of Canadian medical students travel across the country to interview for residency positions, a process known as the CaRMS tour. Despite the large scale of travel, the CaRMS tour has received little environmental scrutiny. ...

Article GUID: 34227912
What attributes are relevant for drainage culverts to serve as efficient road crossing structures for mammals?

Author(s): Brunen B, Daguet C, Jaeger JAG

J Environ Manage. 2020 Aug 15;268:110423 Authors: Brunen B, Daguet C, Jaeger JAG

Article GUID: 32510423
Increased drought severity tracks warming in the United States' largest river basin.

Author(s): Martin JT, Pederson GT, Woodhouse CA, Cook ER, McCabe GJ, Anchukaitis KJ, Wise EK, Erger PJ, Dolan L, McGuire M, Gangopadhyay S, Chase KJ, L...

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 May 11;: Authors: Martin JT, Pederson GT, Woodhouse CA, Cook ER, McCabe GJ, Anchukaitis KJ, Wise EK, Erger PJ, Dolan L, McGuire M, Gangopadhyay S, Chase KJ, Littell ...

Article GUID: 32393620
An adaptive plan for prioritizing road sections for fencing to reduce animal mortality.

Author(s): Spanowicz AG, Teixeira FZ, Jaeger JAG

Conserv Biol. 2020 Mar 30;: Authors: Spanowicz AG, Teixeira FZ, Jaeger JAG

Article GUID: 32227646
Social grooming efficiency and techniques are influenced by manual impairment in free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata).

Author(s): Espitia-Contreras JP, Fedigan LM, Turner SE

PLoS One. 2020;15(2):e0228978 Authors: Espitia-Contreras JP, Fedigan LM, Turner SE

Article GUID: 32084169
How do landscape context and fences influence roadkill locations of small and medium-sized mammals?

Author(s): Plante J, Jaeger JAG, Desrochers A

J Environ Manage. 2019 Apr 01;235:511-520 Authors: Plante J, Jaeger JAG, Desrochers A

Article GUID: 30711836
Exposure to excessive heat and impacts on labour productivity linked to cumulative CO2 emissions.

Author(s): Chavaillaz Y, Roy P, Partanen AI, Da Silva L, Bresson É, Mengis N, Chaumont D, Matthews HD

Sci Rep. 2019 Sep 23;9(1):13711 Authors: Chavaillaz Y, Roy P, Partanen AI, Da Silva L, Bresson É, Mengis N, Chaumont D, Matthews HD

Article GUID: 31548555
Aquatic macroinvertebrates stabilize gravel bed sediment: A test using silk net-spinning caddisflies in semi-natural river channels.

Author(s): Albertson LK, Sklar LS, Cooper SD, Cardinale BJ

PLoS One. 2019;14(1):e0209087 Authors: Albertson LK, Sklar LS, Cooper SD, Cardinale BJ

Article GUID: 30601831
Title:A carbon footprint study of the Canadian medical residency interview tour
Authors:Liang KE,  Dawson JQ,  Stoian MD,  Clark DG,  Wynes S,  Donner SD, 
Link:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34227912/
DOI:10.1080/0142159X.2021.1944612
Category:
PMID:34227912
Dept Affiliation: GEOGRAPHY
1 Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
2 Canadian Institute for Climate Choices, Vancouver, Canada.
3 Department of Geography, Planning and Environment, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
4 Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Description:

Background: Each spring, thousands of Canadian medical students travel across the country to interview for residency positions, a process known as the CaRMS tour. Despite the large scale of travel, the CaRMS tour has received little environmental scrutiny.

Purpose: To estimate the national carbon footprint of flights associated with the CaRMS tour, as well as reductions in emissions achievable by transitioning to alternative models.

Methods: We developed a three-question online commuter survey to collect the unique travel itineraries of applicants in the 2020 CaRMS tour. We calculated the emissions associated with all flights and modelled expected emissions for two alternative in-person interview models, and two virtual interview models.

Results: We collected 960 responses out of 2943 applicants across all 17 Canadian medical schools. We calculated the carbon footprint of flights for the 2020 CaRMS as 4239 tCO2e (tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents), averaging 1.44 tCO2e per applicant. The average applicant's tour emissions represent 35.1% of the average Canadian's annual household carbon footprint, and the emissions of 26.7% of respondents exceeded their entire annual '2050 carbon budget.' Centralized in-person interviews could reduce emissions by 13.7% to 74.7%, and virtual interviews by at least 98.4% to 99.9%.

Conclusions: Mandatory in-person residency interviews in Canada contribute significant emissions and reflect a culture of emissions-intensive practices. Considerable decarbonization of the CaRMS tour is possible, and transitioning to virtual interviews could eliminate the footprint almost entirely.